1 Rewrite these sentences using if.
1 I didn’t watch the film last night, so I can’t tell you what happened.


2 I bought a lot of things online last week. Now I’m broke!


3 Frank passes his exams because he always revises.


4 We got to the cinema too late to see the start of the movie.


5 I hope I get the job. It depends how well I do in the interview.



2 Complete the sentences with the correct Passive Voice form of the verbs given.
1 The news of the earthquake (report) on the six o’clock news programme yesterday.
2 Rescue workers from the UK (send) to help the people. They are going to arrive later this evening.
3 The flood victims (give) shelter in the local cinema at the moment.
4 Since the earthquake, it has been decided that the next nuclear power station (build) in a different area.
5 Tests (regularly do) to check volcanic activity in the mountain.

3 Complete the second sentence so it means the same as the first, using the word given. Do not change the word given. Use between two and five words.
1 I regret not eating more healthily when I lived abroad.
WISH
more healthily when I lived abroad.
2 It isn’t necessary to hand in your essays before Monday.
HAVE
hand in your essays before Monday.
3 My arm was very painful, and I couldn’t use my computer.
SO
My arm I couldn’t use my computer.
4 I’m sorry, but smoking is forbidden in here.
MUSTN’T
I’m sorry, but in here.
5 It was a bad idea for me to eat all that pizza.
SHOULDN’T
all that pizza.

4 Complete the sentences with the correct natural disasters.
1 There was a terrible a in the Alps last week. Several skiers are in still hospital.
2 The e that hit Japan last year shook buildings as far away as Tokyo. It was the worst in living history.
3 Lack of rain has caused a prolonged d in many African countries.
4 Why is it that we often give female names to h?
5 I remember reading once about a severe f in a city, and some of the animals from the zoo were found swimming through the streets.

5 Complete the text with words formed from the words given.
I admire my brother a great deal because he’s full of (1) (confident) and never worries about meeting new people, like me. I am so (2) (secure). In addition to this, he has lots of friends and does a lot of leisure (3) (active) that he’s excellent at. He’s a natural (4) (lead) and is the president of several societies. As well as this, he’s both creative and good at science. Can you believe it? He won a young (5) (science) of the year competition last year. He’s clever but not pushy, and that’s great.

1) If I had watched the film last night, I could tell you what happened.
Explanation: The original sentence states that the person didn't watch the film, which is why they can't provide any information about it. By using "if", we express a hypothetical situation where the person did watch the film, allowing them to provide information.

2) If I hadn't bought a lot of things online last week, I wouldn't be broke now.
Explanation: The original sentence states that the person is broke because they bought a lot of things online. By using "if" and the negative form of the verb "buy", we express a hypothetical situation where the person didn't buy those things, avoiding being broke.

3) If Frank didn't revise, he wouldn't pass his exams.
Explanation: The original sentence states that Frank passes his exams because he always revises. By using "if" and the negative form of the verb "revise", we express a hypothetical situation where Frank doesn't revise, resulting in him not passing his exams.

4) If we had arrived earlier, we would have seen the start of the movie at the cinema.
Explanation: The original sentence states that the person got to the cinema too late to see the start of the movie. By using "if" and the past perfect form of the verb "arrive", we express a hypothetical situation where the person had arrived earlier, allowing them to see the start of the movie.

5) If I do well in the interview, I hope I will get the job.
Explanation: The original sentence states that the person hopes to get the job, depending on how well they do in the interview. By using "if" and the present tense form of the verb "do", we express that the person's hope is based on their performance in the interview.

1) The news of the earthquake was reported on the six o’clock news programme yesterday.
2) Rescue workers from the UK are being sent to help the people. They are going to arrive later this evening.
3) The flood victims are being given shelter in the local cinema at the moment.
4) Since the earthquake, it has been decided that the next nuclear power station will be built in a different area.
5) Tests are regularly done to check volcanic activity in the mountain.

1) I wish I had eaten more healthily when I lived abroad.
2) You don't have to hand in your essays before Monday.
3) My arm was so painful that I couldn't use my computer.
4) You mustn't smoke in here.
5) I shouldn't have eaten all that pizza.

1) There was a terrible avalanche in the Alps last week. Several skiers are still in the hospital.
2) The earthquake that hit Japan last year shook buildings as far away as Tokyo. It was the worst earthquake in living history.
3) Lack of rain has caused a prolonged drought in many African countries.
4) Why is it that we often give female names to hurricanes?
5) I remember reading once about a severe flood in a city, and some of the animals from the zoo were found swimming through the streets.

1) confidence
2) insecure
3) activities
4) leader
5) scientist