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10.10.2022 05:27

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There are numerous myths about the origins of money. The concept of money is often confused with coinage. Coins are a relatively modern form of money. Their first appearance was probably in Asia in the 7th century BC. And whether these coins were used as money in the modern sense has also been questioned.

To determine the earliest use of money, we need to define what we mean by money. We will return to this issue shortly. But with any reasonable definition the first use of money is as old as human civilization. The early Persians deposited their grain in state or church granaries. The receipts of deposit were then used as methods of payment in the economies. Thus, banks were invented before coins. Ancient Egypt had a similar system, but instead of receipts they used orders of withdrawal – thus making their system very close to that of modern checks. In fact, during Alexander the Great’s period, the granaries were linked together, making checks in the 3rd century BC more convenient than British checks in the 1980s.

However, money is older than written history. Recent anthropological and linguistic research indicates that not only is money very old, but it’s origin has little to do with trading, thus contradicting another common myth. Rather, money was first used in a social setting. Probably at first as a method of punishment.

Early Stone Age man began the use of precious metals as money. Until the invention of coins, metals were weighed to determine their value. Counting is of course more practical, the first standardized ingots appeared around 2200 BC. Other commonplace objects were subsequently used in the abstract sense, for example miniature axes, nails, swords, etc.

Full standardization arrived with coins, approximately 700 BC. The first printed money appeared in China, around 800 AD. The first severe inflation was in the 11th century AD. The Mongols adapted the bank note system in the 13th century, which Marco Polo wrote about. The Mongol bank notes were “legal tender”, i.e. it was a capital offense to refuse them as payment. By the late 1400s, centuries of inflation eliminated printed bank notes in China. They were reinvented in Europe in the 17th century.

1. Are the concepts of money and coinage the same?
2.How old is the first money?
3.What did early Stone Age men use as money?
4.Where and when did the first bank notes appear?
5.When and where was the printed money reinvented?

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Ответ:
Dima2002dg
23.08.2022 01:53

I went to the theatre resently. It was a musical. All were singing and dansing. It was very funny. During the intermission I bought juice. My parents gave me a notebook and a pen. After the show we went for the jackets. On the street I saw a musical actor. I asked him for an autogroph. He smiled and signed it in my notebook. I asked him about his career. He said that he plays in other plays of this theater too. We talked a little bit and he left. It was the good day. Notebook just came useful.

 

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Недавно я ходил в театр. Это был мюзикл. Все пели и танцевали. Было очень смешно. В антракте я купил сок. Родители подарили мне блокнот и ручку. После спектакля мы пошли за куртками. На улице я увидел актера мюзикла. Я попросил у него автограф. Он улыбнулся и расписался в моем блокноте. Я спросил о его карьере. Он ответил что играет и в других пьесах этого театра тоже. Мы немного пообщались и он ушел. Это был хороший день. Блокнот мне как раз приголся.

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Ответ:
volkovaar2000
23.08.2022 01:53

Я хочу рассказать жуткую историю. Однажды ночью мне показалось, что в моей комнате есть кто-то кроме меня. Я открыл глаза и увидел у окна тень. Она была очень высокая, худая и протягивала ко мне руки. Мне стало страшно, и я закричал так громко как только мог. Я сидел на кровати и кричал. Вдруг в комнату вбежали мои родители. Они были очень напуганы. Папа включил свет, и я перестал кричать. Оказывается, днем мама принесла из зала в мою комнату огромную пальму в большом горшке и поставила ее за штору. Ночью была полная луна, и мне показалось, что это привидение... Мне никогда не было так страшно как в ту ночь

I would like to tell you a horrible story. One night it seemed to me that there was someone besides me in my room. I opened my eyes and saw a woman's shade at the window . She was very tall, thin and she stretched out her arms to me. I was scared and I screamed so loud as I could. I was sitting on the bed and crying. Suddenly my parents ran into my room. They were very frightened. Dad turned on the light, and I stopped screaming. It turned out that in the afternoon, my mother brought a huge palm tree in a large pot from the hall into my room and she put it behind the curtains. That night there was full moon, and it seemed to me that it was a ghost ... 

I have never been so frightened as that night

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