Who runs the national government?

Ukraine

Ukraine is one of the largest countries of Eastern Europe. It occupies an area of 603 700 km2. Its territory stretches for 893 kilometres from north to south and for 1316 kilometres from east to west. It has state borders with Russia, Belarus and Moldova. It also borders on Poland, Slovakia, Hungary and Romania.

In the south it is washed by the Black and the Azov Seas. The major rivers are the Dnieper, the Dniester, the Donets and others.

The major part of Ukraine is flat and only 5% of it is mountainous. The two mountainous areas in Ukraine are the Carpathians and the Crimean Mountains.

The geographical position of Ukraine is very favourable because the country lies on the crossroads of the ways from Asia to Europe.

Ukraine has deposits of iron, manganese, coal, natural gas, oil and other mineral resources.

The main branches of industry are: coal and ore mining, iron and steel engineering, machine and ship building. Besides, Ukraine has always been an agrarian country. Traditionally crop-growing and cattlebreeding are being developed.

The population of Ukraine is about 50 million people. The biggest cities are Kyiv, Kharkiv, Zaporizhia, Dnipropetrovsk, Odesa, Lviv, Mykolaiv and others.

Ukraine has an ancient history. It has its own original culture and arts.

The country is one of the members of the United Nations Organization (UNO) and participates in the work of many international organizations.

Украина

Украина является одной из самых крупных стран Восточной Европы. Она занимает площадь 603 700 км2. Ее территория простирается на 893 километров с севера на юг и 1316 км с востока на запад. Это государство граничит с Россией, Беларусью и Молдовой. Она также граничит с Польшей, Словакией, Венгрией и Румынией.

На юге она омывается Черным и Азовским морями. Главные реки - Днепр, Днестр, Донец и другие.

Большая часть Украины является равнинной, и только 5% приходится на горы. В Украине 2 горных района - Карпаты и Крымские горы.

Географическое положение Украины является очень благоприятным, так как страна находится на перекрестке путей из Азии в Европу.

В Украине есть залежи железа, марганца, угля, природного газа, нефти и других полезных ископаемых.

Основные отрасли промышленности: угольная и горнорудная, металлургическая, производство техники, машин и судостроение. Кроме того, Украина всегда была аграрной страной. Традиционные растениеводство и скотоводство в настоящее время тоже развиваются.

Население Украины составляет около 50 миллионов человек. Наиболее крупные города - Киев, Харьков, Запорожье, Днепропетровск, Одесса, Львов, Николаев и другие.

Украина имеет древнюю историю. Она имеет свою собственную самобытную культуру и искусство.

Страна является одним из членов Организации Объединенных Наций (ООН) и участвует в работе многих международных организаций.

1. Text 5 goes under the title "Phosphorus" and describes this element in the Periodic Table in great details.
2. The author gives many interesting facts concerning the properties and peculiarities of phosphorus and compares it with (w/) nitrogen.
3. Firsly, phosphorus and nitrogen have much in common, but they also differ greatly.
4. While nitrogen is quiete inactive under ordinary conditions, phosphorus reacts rapidly both w/ metals and non-metals.
5. At ordinary temperature, nitrogen is a gas, and phosphorus is a solid.
6. Secondly, phosphorus has the following properties:
- it is almost insoluble in water;
- it dissolves in many solvents.
7. The article goes on that phosphorus exists in several aliotropic forms, only 2 of them are of general interest. One is white phosphorus.
8. The most striking property of white phosphorus is its activity w/ oxygen.
9. It is very combustible, that's why it must be left under water.
10. The author gives some measures of precaution while handling white phosphorus.
11. They are as follows:
- never handle white phosphorus w/ bare hands;
- always remember that it's very poisonous, it may cause chronic poisoning.
12. In the conclusion, it should be mentioned that red phosphorus is a more stable form. It isn't so combustible, but the products formed are the same produced by white phosphorus.
That's about all;-)