Exercise v. infinitives. a) change the following sentences according to the given models. translate them into russian. model 1 the problem, which is to be solved by us, is very interesting. the problem to be solved by us, is very interesting. проблема, которая должна быть нами решена, интересна. 1. the experiment, which will be carried out is to help us in our investigation. 2. the article, which is to be translated, is published in our journal. model 2 he was the first who passed all his exams. he was the first to pass all his exams. он первым сдал все экзамены. 1. he was the third who translated the article so well. 2. alpha radiation was the first that was studied in detail at that time. b) translate the sentences. mind the functions of the infinitives. 1. we study english to read english books on our speciality. 2. in order to specify the amount of a substance at hand, one may state its mass. 3. he has to translate this article. 4. here are some more figures to be referred to later. 5. between the 1970s and 1990s major effort was made to reduce coal burning for electricity generation in great britain.

Mark: Hey, Jenny. Why are you standing there? Are you watching someone?

Jenny: Yes, look - Mandy and Shaun are talking.

Mark: Oh, yes, and Mandy is smiling. What are they saying?

Jenny: I'm not sure. I can't hear.

Mark: Shaun never speaks to Mandy.

Jenny: Yes, he does. He sometimes jokes with her in class.

Mark: He is leaving now, but she isn't going with him.

Jenny: Mmm. Very interesting!

Марк: Привет, Дженни. Почему ты стоишь здесь? Ты за кем-то наблюдаешь?

Дженни: Да, смотри - Мэнди и Шон разговаривают.

Марк: О, да, и Мэнди улыбается. Что они говорят?

Дженни: Я не уверена. Я ничего не слышу.

Марк: Шон никогда не разговаривает с Мэнди.

Дженни: Да, это так. Он иногда шутит с ней в классе.

Марк: Он сейчас уходит, но она с ним не идет.

Дженни: МММ. Очень интересно!

1. Are you watching (Present Continuous, т.к. действие происходит в момент речи)

2. are talking (Present Continuous, т.к. действие происходит в момент речи)

3.  is smiling (Present Continuous, т.к. действие происходит в момент речи)

4. are they saying (Present Continuous, т.к. действие происходит в момент речи)  

5. speaks (Present Simple, так как есть наречие never)

6. jokes (Present Simple, так как есть наречие sometimes)

7. is leaving (Present Continuous, так как есть наречие now)

8. is not going (Present Continuous, т.к. действие происходит в момент речи)

20 I did... when I was (Past Simple, так как действие выполнялось в тот период времени уже закончился)

21 He has just gone out. (Present Perfect - действие произошло совсем недавно)

22 went out (Past Simple - тут точно указан момент в когда произошло действие)

23 Have you had breafast yet? (Present Perfect - мы спрашиваем, поел ли человек, нам важно, совершилось ли действие, но неважно когда)

Yes, I had it at 8 00. (Past Simple - указано точное время совершения действия в

24 I met him last June. (Past Simple - указано точное время в

25 Did you see the moon last night? (Past Simple - указано точное время в

26 began, lasted, enjoyed (Past Simple - указано время совершения действия в

27 has just begun (Present Perfect - действие произошло совсем недавно, пьеса началась и идет сейчас)

28 Has the newspaper come? (Present Perfect - мы спрашиваем, совершилось ли действие, но нам неважно время, когда это произошло)