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№2 FUNDAMENTAL OS REQUIREMENTS

Always keep in mind that the fundamental purpose of any 11111111111 is to load and execute programs. This is true regardless of the specific goals, design features, and 11111211111of the particular operating system that you happen to be looking at.
With this fundamental idea in mind, look again at the various 11111311111that are provided within the operating system. Recall that to load and 11111411111a program, the system must provide a method of getting the program from its 11111511111on some I/O device, such as disk, into memory; it must provide locations in 11111611111for the program and its data; it must provide CPU time for the program to execute; and it must provide 11111711111to the I/O facilities that the program needs during its execution. Since 11111811111are normally sharing the system and its 11111911111, it must do all this in a way that is fair and meets the sometimes conflicting requirements of the different programs.
The lower layers of the model provide programs that fulfill these requirements. The 111111011111 layer translates logical file requests from the command shell or the user’s programs into specific physical I/O requests that are then performed by the appropriate 111111111111management programs. Resource allocation management is also provided in this layer to resolve conflicts between different programs that may require I/O services at the same time. The I/O device management and 111111211111allocation programs are sometimes known collectively as an I/O control system, or more commonly, IOCS.
The memory management and scheduling operations within the resource allocation function 111111311111if it is possible to load programs and 111111411111into memory, and, if so, where in memory the program is to be loaded. Once the program is in memory, the scheduler allocates time for the program to execute. If there are multiple programs in memory, the scheduler 111111511111to allocate time for each of them in some fair way.
1. resource
2. multiple programs
3. determine
4. I/O device
5. attempts 6. resources
7. complexity
8. storage location
9. data
10. functions 11. memory
12. operating system
13. file manager
14. execute
15. access