Replace the subordinate clauses by participial phrases

1. As I didn't know Chinese, I had to turn to the guide for help.
2. When it came out of the blue as it did, the question startled her.
3. The boy sat back in his chair, and bit his lower lip, and fought the sudden rush of emotions which filled his throat.
4. He ignored her question and went on reading.
5. Amelia sat quietly and waited for the conversation to come to an end.
6. Dennis got up and left abruptly his breakfast half eaten.
7. The leaves which were falling covered the earth which was waiting for the winter to come.

Change the sentences so as to use Participle II

1. The events and the characters which are described in this book are purely fictional.
2. The house, which was built two hundred years ago, stood in a long green valley.
3. He applied for a job. It was advertised in the paper.
4. The bride walked down the aisle. She was accompanied by her father.
5. The millionaire bought a picture. It was painted by Picasso.
6. They were driven from the country by persecution. They had to emigrate.
7. He was disowned by his parents. He was forced to stand on his own feet.

While Chris was cooking the dinner, the cell phone rang.
Last morning I was reading the newspaper when suddenly I heard the scream of my neigbour in the yard.
When he called you, you were watching your favorite cartoon.
Jack was waiting for Christina when she arrived.
When the accident happened, Peter was not driving very fast.
Kate broke a cup last evening. She was doing the washing up.
Brandon took a photograph of Christin when she didn`t look.
Keith and Rashel didn`t go out because it was snowing heavily outside.
What was your mother doing yesterday morning in this time?
Mike saw Elene at the party. She was wearing a very beautiful dress, it was hard not to see her.

1. In the XIII century there were over 160 towns in England.
2. Before the XIII century there were no universities in England. The oldest university was founded in Oxford in 1667. It remained the principal centre of science for centuries. It was famous for the superior learning of its professors. It had a great influence on the development of English culture.
3. Sheep breeding became especially popular in the English eastern and northern counties in the XIII century. It was soon discovered that it was easier to grow wool on the sheep's back than to grow grain on the poor lands. There were many foreign markets which were ready to buy English wool. It meant that European trade was developing.
4. There were important changes in the English countryside in the XIII century. There were the new classes of gentry, nobles and small landowners. There were many armed conflicts between the peasants and the feudals. There was one reason for that: the lords tended to monopolize the use of common lands. It is natural that the parliament supported the rich because only the top layer of the population was represented there.