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Biology is the science of life. The word "biology" comes from
two Greek words: bio - "life" and logos - "discourse" or "study".
Biology includes all the facts and principles which have been derived
from a scientific study of living things.
Biology tells us about our body: how it is constructed and how it
functions. It gives us important information about other living things
and how their lives affect mankind. Knowledge of biology will help
you to keep healthy. It will be your guide in solving many of everyday
living and scientific problems.
People who are engaged in biology are called biologists. They
study the secrets of living things: how they feed, breed and survive. A
biologist's laboratory is a fascinating place. In it you may find
powerful microscopes and other instruments. Biologists make great
efforts to find out everything that is possible about living things by
carrying out experiments. They always keep very complete and
accurate records of their observations. Biologists' discoveries are of
great value to all mankind. Biologists have solved many mysteries of the body. They have
discovered how blood circulates, how food is digested and many other
secrets of life. They are now working in different fields of biology and
their studies may lead to a solution of many problems.
Biologists have made a great contribution to science. They have
increased our food supply; they have developed new and better
varieties of plants and animals. Scientific methods of farming have
given us much more food. Biologists control many diseases. They
have saved millions of lives by discovering the causes of these
diseases and methods of prevention and cure. Vaccines, penicillin and
sulfa are products of the biological laboratory.
The special study of plants, Botany, and of animals, Zoology, are
the two great subdivisions of the science of biology. Plants and
animals are called organisms, and each different type of animal or
plant is called a species, so biology may also be defined as the science
of organisms.
There are millions of different plants and animals, some of which
are invisible to the naked eye. They exist all over the Earth's surface,
often in spite of very difficult conditions - from the icy Arctic and
Antarctic to the dry, baking deserts near the Equator. They also live in
the seas and oceans, from the shallow waters of warm tropical seas to
the gloomy ocean depths.
Most people think that plants are not alive in the same sense that
animals are, or that there is some fundamental difference between
plant and animal life. But this is not so. Plants and animals have much
in common. Their more important points of resemblance are: 1) The
living substance of plants and animals is organized into protoplasm.
Protoplasm is the basic material of all living systems and its general
properties are fundamentally the same in each system both in plants
and animals. 2) Both plants and animals consist of microscopic
structural units called cells. 3) Certain vital processes take place in
plant bodies in the same manner as in animal bodies. These processes
are respiration, sensitivity, digestion, growth and reproduction.
4) Both animals and plants can not live without certain necessary
conditions. All living things need water, oxygen, food, light and
proper temperature. Both plants and animals are of different shapes, sizes and colours.
In fact, the differences are not so many as the likenesses although they
are more apparent. Plants get all the energy they need to live from
sunlight by the process of photosynthesis. Animals get the energy by
eating plants, animals or other organisms. Most animals can move
about, and they have senses, such as sight, hearing, touch, smell and
taste, which plants lack.

My favourite city is London. It is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. Every time I come back here I fall in love with it more and more. This majestic city will win anyone’s heart at once.

In summer you can take a stroll round the city centre. The centre of the city seems to be quite big but, in fact, is rather small. All main places of interest are located very close to each other.

Alleys of Green Parkwill lead you out to Buckingham Palace. Tower Bridge is located near the Tower of London. Here you can always see lots of tourists.Busy Oxford Street leads to Hyde Park, where you can enjoy some peaceful moments away from the city bustle. To get from Big Ben to the London Eye you only need to cross Westminster Bridge.

It is hard to believe but you will never get lost here. All those numerous streets and lanes will always take you out to a familiar place. London is the city of contrasts. It combines the latest technologies of the modern world with ancient traditions.

London is especially fascinating in winter, when preparation for Christmas is under way. Central streets are decorated with garlands and lights, and Christmas markets become very popular.

Объяснение:

Мой любимый город – это Лондон. Это один из самых красивых городов мира. Каждый раз, когда я возвращаюсь сюда, я влюбляюсь в него все больше и больше. Этот величественный город моментально покорит сердце любого человека.

Летом можно прогуляться по центру города. Центр города только кажется большим, а на самом деле, он не такой уж и большой. Все главные достопримечательности находятся рядом друг с другом.

Аллеи Грин-парка выведут вас прямо к Букингемскому дворцу. Тауэрский мост находится рядом с Лондонским Тауэром. Здесь всегда можно увидеть много туристов.

Оживленная Оксфорд-стрит ведет в Гайд-парк, где можно насладиться минутами спокойствия в стороне от городской суеты. Чтобы добраться от Биг-Бена до колеса обозрения Лондонский Глаз нужно лишь перейти Вестминстерский мост.Сложно поверить, но здесь вы никогда не заблудитесь. Все многочисленные улочки и переулки всегда выведут вас в знакомоеЛондон – город контрастов. Он сочетает последние технологии современного мира со старыми традициями.

Лондон особенно завораживает зимой, когда полным ходом идет подготовка к Рождеству. Центральные улицы украшены гирляндами и огоньками, а рождественские рынки становятся очень популярными.

1. Alternative Seven Wonders of the World could be easily found on Russian territory if only tourists  were willing to dig them out. - Альтернативные Сеть чудес света могут быть с легкостью найдены на территории России, только если бы туристы согласились откопать их.

2. The Golden Ring is a group of towns and cities in Russia.  - Золотое кольцо - группа больших и маленьких городов России.

3. Lake Baikal is one of the genuine Seven Natural Wonders of the World.  - Озеро Байкал - одно их Семи природных чудес света.

4. A most amazing attraction is the Valley of the Geysers in Kamchatka.  - Долина гейзеров - самая удивительная достопримечательность на Камчатке.

5. The Trans-Siberian Railway is now the longest continuous rail line on earth.  - Транссибирская магистраль - сейчас самая длинная непрерывная железнодорожная линия на Земле.

6. Europe's highest peak is the 5,642 metre mount Elbrus . - Эльбрус (5,642 метра) - самая высокая гора в Европе.

7. The so-called Golden mountains of the Altai Republic are noted for being among the most  beautiful parts of Siberia.  - Так называемые Золотые горы республики Алтай упоминаются как одна из самых красивых частей Сибири.

8. The huge memorial statue of the Motherland, known as "The Motherland  Calls!" was the largest free-standing sculpture in the world when it was built  on top of Mamayev Kurgan in 1967. - Огромная мемориальная статуя, известная как "Родина-мать зовет!" была самой большой отдельно стоящей скульптурой в мире, когда она была построена на вершине Мамаева кургана в 1967 году.