2 • Present per
96.71 Read the theory. Then, use the
phrases in the brackets to make
sentences.
We use the present perfect (have + past
participle of the main verb) for: a) actions which
happened at an unstated time in the past and
continue up to the present. Kanat has lost his
gloves for skiing. b) experiences. I've tried surfing,
but I haven't tried canoeing yet.
We use the past perfect (had + past participle of
the main verb) for: a) actions that happened
before another action in the past. He had bought
a guitar a month before he started the lessons.
b) actions that finished in the past and whose
result was visible in the past. She was happy. She
had started a new hobby. (The result was visible in
the past.) Compare: She is happy. She has started
a new hobby. (The result is in the present.)
Note: The past perfect is the past equivalent of the
present perfect.
1 He is sad. (lose his rugby ball)
He has lost his rugby ball
2 She was excited. (buy a new camera).
3 They were happy. (win first prize)
4 We are worried. (not hear from Bob yet)​