1. Прочитать и перевести (устно) текст THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
The Russian Federation is the largest country in the world. It occupies about 1/6 of the Earth surface. The country is situated in Eastern Europe, Northern and Cen­tral Asia. Its total area is over 17 million square km.

Our land is washed by 12 seas, most of which are the seas of three oceans: the Arctic, the Atlantic and the Pacific. In the south and in the west the country bor­ders on fourteen countries. It also has a sea-border with the USA.

There is hardly a country in the world where such a great variety of flora and fauna can be found as in our land. Our country has numerous forests, plains and steppes, taiga and tundra, highlands and deserts. The highest mountains in our land are the Altai, the Urals and the Caucasus. There are over two thousand rivers in the Russian Federation. The longest of them are the Volga, the Ob, the Yenisei, the Lena and the Amur. Our land is also rich in various lakes with the deepest lake in the world, the Baikal, included.

On the Russian territory there are 11 time zones. The climate conditions are rather different: from arctic and moderate to continental and subtropical. Our country is one of the richest in natural resources countries in the world: oil, natural gas, coal, different ores, ferrous and non-ferrous metals and other minerals.

The Russian Federation is a multinational state. It comprises many national districts, several autonomous republics and regions. The population of the country is about 140 million people.

Moscow is the capital of our Homeland. It is the larg­est political, scientific, cultural and industrial center of the country and one of the most beautiful cities on the globe. Russian is the official language of the state. The national symbols of the Russian Federation are a white-blue-red banner and a double-headed eagle.

Vocabulary:

to occupy — занимать

surface — поверхность

total area — общая площадь

to border on — граничить с

numerous— многочисленные

steppes —степи

taiga — тайга

highlands — горные возвышенности

theUrals — Уральские горы

the Caucasus — Кавказ

climate conditions — клима­тические условия

moderate — умеренный

ore —руда

ferrous and non-ferrous metals черные и цветные металлы

2. Answer the questions:

1. Is Russia the largest country in the world?

2. What oceans wash the borders of the Russian Fed­eration?

3. How many countries have borders with Russia?

4. Are Russian flora and fauna various?

5. What are the highest mountains in Russia?

6. What is Baikal famous for?

7. What is the climate in Russia like?

8. What is the national symbol of Russia?

3. How well do you know your Homeland?

What is (are):

• the biggest Russian lake?

• the longest Russian river (in European and Asian parts of the Russian Federation)?

• a city with subtropical climate?

• cities with arctic climate?

• agricultural regions?

• old historical cities?

• places of recreation and tourism?

РОССИЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ

Российская Федерация - самая большая страна в мире. Он занимает около 1/6 поверхности Земли. Страна расположена в Восточной Европе, Северной и Центральной Азии. Его общая площадь составляет более 17 миллионов квадратных километров.

Наша земля омывается 12 морями, большинство из которых - моря трех океанов: Северного Ледовитого, Атлантического и Тихого. На юге и западе страна граничит с четырнадцатью странами. Имеет морскую границу с США.

Вряд ли найдется страна в мире, где можно встретить такое разнообразие флоры и фауны, как на нашей земле. В нашей стране много лесов, равнин и степей, тайги и тундры, высокогорья и пустынь. Самые высокие горы на нашей земле - это Алтай, Урал и Кавказ. В Российской Федерации более двух тысяч рек. Самые длинные из них - Волга, Обь, Енисей, Лена и Амур. Наша земля также богата различными озерами, включая самое глубокое озеро в мире, Байкал.

На территории России 11 часовых поясов. Климатические условия довольно разные: от арктических и умеренных до континентальных и субтропических. Наша страна - одна из самых богатых природными ресурсами стран в мире: нефть, природный газ, уголь, различные руды, черные и цветные металлы и другие полезные ископаемые.

Российская Федерация - многонациональное государство. В его состав входят многие национальные округа, несколько автономных республик и областей. Население страны составляет около 140 миллионов человек.

Москва - столица нашей Родины. Это крупнейший политический, научный, культурный и промышленный центр страны и один из самых красивых городов мира. Русский - официальный язык государства. Государственные символы Российской Федерации - бело-сине-красное знамя и двуглавый орел

перевод текста

THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The Russian Federation is the largest country in the world. It occupies about 1/6 of the Earth's surface. The country is situated in Eastern Europe, Northern, and Central Asia. Its total area is over 17 million square km.

Our land is washed by 12 seas, most of which are seas of three oceans: the Arctic, the Atlantic, and the Pacific. In the south and in the west, the country borders on fourteen countries. It also has a sea-border with the USA.

There is hardly a country in the world where such a great variety of flora and fauna can be found as in our land. Our country has numerous forests, plains, and steppes, taiga, and tundra, highlands, and deserts. The highest mountains in our land are the Altai, the Urals, and the Caucasus. There are over two thousand rivers in the Russian Federation. The longest of them are the Volga, the Ob, the Yenisei, the Lena, and the Amur. Our land is also rich in various lakes with the deepest lake in the world, the Baikal, included.

On the Russian territory, there are 11 time zones. The climate conditions are rather different: from arctic and moderate to continental and subtropical. Our country is one of the richest in natural resources countries in the world: oil, natural gas, coal, different ores, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, and other minerals.

The Russian Federation is a multinational state. It comprises many national districts, several autonomous republics and regions. The population of the country is about 140 million people.

Moscow is the capital of our Homeland. It is the largest political, scientific, cultural, and industrial center of the country and one of the most beautiful cities on the globe. Russian is the official language of the state. The national symbols of the Russian Federation are a white-blue-red banner and a double-headed eagle.

Vocabulary:

- to occupy — занимать
- surface — поверхность
- total area — общая площадь
- to border on — граничить с
- numerous — многочисленные
- steppes — степи
- taiga — тайга
- highlands — горные возвышенности
- the Urals — Уральские горы
- the Caucasus — Кавказ
- climate conditions — климатические условия
- moderate — умеренный
- ore — руда
- ferrous and non-ferrous metals — черные и цветные металлы

2. Answer the questions:

1. Is Russia the largest country in the world?
- Yes, Russia is the largest country in the world.

2. What oceans wash the borders of the Russian Federation?
- The Arctic, the Atlantic, and the Pacific oceans wash the borders of the Russian Federation.

3. How many countries have borders with Russia?
- Russia shares borders with fourteen countries.

4. Are Russian flora and fauna various?
- Yes, Russian flora and fauna are very diverse.

5. What are the highest mountains in Russia?
- The highest mountains in Russia are the Altai, the Urals, and the Caucasus.

6. What is Baikal famous for?
- Baikal is famous for being the deepest lake in the world.

7. What is the climate in Russia like?
- The climate in Russia ranges from arctic and moderate to continental and subtropical.

8. What is the national symbol of Russia?
- The national symbol of Russia is a white-blue-red banner and a double-headed eagle.

3. How well do you know your Homeland?

What is (are):
- the biggest Russian lake?
- The biggest Russian lake is Baikal.

- the longest Russian river (in European and Asian parts of the Russian Federation)?
- The longest Russian river in the European part is the Volga, and in the Asian part, it is the Yenisei.

- a city with a subtropical climate?
- Sochi is a city in Russia that has a subtropical climate.

- cities with arctic climate?
- Murmansk and Norilsk are cities in Russia that have an arctic climate.

- agricultural regions?
- The Black Earth Region, Volga Region, and Siberian Region are some of the major agricultural regions in Russia.

- old historical cities?
- Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kazan, and Novgorod are some of the old historical cities in Russia.

- places of recreation and tourism?
- Sochi, Crimea, Lake Baikal, and the Golden Ring are popular places of recreation and tourism in Russia.