VII Прочтите и устно переведите текст. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1, 2, 3, 4, 5-й абзацы.
Higher Education in Great Britain
1 There is a considerable enthusiasm for post-school education in Britain.
The aim of the government is to increase the number of students at higher schools.
The reason has been mainly economic. It is assumed that the more people who
study at degree level, the more likely the country is to succeed economically. A
degree is the qualification a person gets from university when he passes final
exams. Graduates are awarded Bachelor’s Degrees1
: a BA (Bachelor of Arts), BSc
(Bachelor of Science) or BEd (Bachelor of Education). The normal length of the
degree course is three years; some courses, such as language or medicine may be
one or two years longer.
2 Higher education in Britain is traditionally associated with universities,
though education of University standard is also given in colleges and institutes of
higher education, which can award their own degrees. All universities in England
and Wales are state universities including Oxford and Cambridge. These two
universities often called Oxbridge are the oldest and most prestigious in Great
Britain. They appeared in the 12th
-13th centuries.
3 Oxford is the second largest university in Britain after London. Like
Cambridge it consists of a number of colleges: twenty-four colleges for men, five
for women and another five for both men and women members. Outstanding
scientists work in the colleges of the University teaching and doing research work
in natural sciences, literature, modern and ancient languages, art, music, and so on.
4 The second group of universities comprise so called ‘redbrick’ universities
which had appeared by 1900 in new industrial cities to provide technical study.
The third group includes universities founded after the Second World War and
later in the 1960s. Sometimes they are called ‘concrete and glass’ universities.
They tend to emphasize ‘new’ academic disciplines and make greater use than
other universities of teaching in small groups. During this period the government
set up thirty Polytechnics. Some of them offer full-time2
and sandwich courses. In
the early 1990s most of the polytechnics became universities.
5 There are a variety of other British higher institutions, which offer higher
education. Some like the Royal College of Arts, the Cornfield Institute of
Technology and various Business Schools, have university status, while others
provide courses with strong vocational aspect. The university system also provides
a national network of extra-mural departments3 which offer academic courses for
adults after they have left schools of higher education.
Пояснения к тексту:
1Bachelor’s Degree – степень (диплом) бакалавра
2
full-time courses - занятия по дневной форме обучения
3
extra-mural departments – отделения заочной формы обучения
