2. 210 Read and listen to the text. Which building in
Exercise 1 do you think is Bauhaus?
Bauhaus Germany, German architect Walter
was an art school in Weimar,
Germany. German architect Walter
Gropius started the school in 1919. The Bauhaus school tried to
combine form (the shape of something) and function (how we
use something) in architecture so that buildings were practical but
also simple. Bauhaus architects didn't like lots of decoration on
buildings; they preferred flat roofs, straight lines and geometric
shapes. Before Bauhaus, architects used lots of different shapes
and colours, and materials like marble, hardwoods and even gold
for the decorations in their
buildings. Bauhaus used
metal, glass, steel or plastic
to make their buildings.
Typical colours are white,
grey and black. The designs
for the furniture inside
Bauhaus buildings are also
simple, and functional.​

N the painting “Girl with peaches” (the famous portrait of Vera Mamontova by Russian artist Valentin Serov) we can see a girl in a light pink dress, sitting at the table. The girl is about twelve years old.

She is dark-skinned and there is bright blush on her cheeks. She has got thick dark hair, which is a bit tousled. The girl has got a pretty roundish face. Her eyebrows are dark and thick. She has got big brown eyes.

The girl is sitting in a light room. I think it is a dining room. Behind the girl there is a big window in a white wooden frame. Through the window we can see some leaves of the trees in the garden. The leaves are light green and yellow. The walls in the room are white. There is a big white porcelain plate on the wall next to the window with a beautiful blue pattern on it. Behind the girl we can also see a statuette of a soldier.

There are some dark brown wooden chairs in the room and a small table beside the window. The big table, at which the girl is sitting, is covered with a white tablecloth.

The girl is holding a big yellow peach in her hands. On the table in front of the girl there are three more peaches. There are also some dry maple leaves and a small knife.

Abai Kunanbaev - great poet, writer, public figure and founder of modern Kazakh written literature, reformer of culture in spirit of rapprochement with Russian and European culture on the basis of enlightened liberal Islam.

Abai was born August 10, 1845 in Chingiz mountains, Semipalatinsk region (under the current administrative division) from one of the four wives kunanbai, senior Sultan karkarala district. Abai's family was aristocratic, and grandfather (Oskenbai) and grandfather (Irgizbaya) dominated in his family as rulers and biys. He was lucky in the sense of family coziness and home care, as both mother Ulzhan and grandmother zere were extremely charming and gifted natures. It is with the light hand of the mother the father the name of "Ibrahim" was replaced by the hypocoristic "Abai", that means "circumspect, thoughtful". Under this name he lived all his life and went down in history.

Begun in early childhood introduction to the oral folklore of the people and home the training was continued mullahs in the madrassas of Imam Ahmad Riza. Simultaneously, he studied at Russian school and by the end of the five-year study began to write poetry. With 13 years Kunanbay starts to accustom Abai to administrative activity of the head of family. He had to understand the intergeneric disputes, quarrels, intrigues, and gradually he was disappointed to administrative and political activities, which led to the fact that at the age of 28 years, Abay departs from it entirely took up self-education. But for 40 years he is aware of his vocation as a poet and citizen, in particular, putting under the poem "Summer" is his name (he had previously attributed his works to a friend Zhantasova Kokay). Considerable impetus to the erection high potency of Abay at this point was his Association with the exiled Russian, with E. P. Mikhaelis, N. Dolgopolov, S. Gross. Abay's treatment of Russian culture in the nineteenth century experienced a period of "storm and stress" in literature and art, was the more natural that in the Eastern tradition, the poetic word was highly appreciated. Abai was closed to the poetry of Pushkin, Lermontov, Goethe and Byron. He is in his transcriptions of the Kazakh subtly conveyed the spirit of the translated poems and adapted for attitude of the tribesmen.

For 20 years the blooms are extremely versatile genius of Abai, he gains extraordinary authority, huge and hitherto in the desert not seen the popularity. To it flock the akyns, singers, composers, crowding around him talented young people, creates socio-philosophical and literary schools.

But Abay as the dominant causes wild envy, the rabid animosity shown in the most artful forms. Last strokes of bad luck are connected with death of Abdrahman and magavi. He rejected treatment of an illness and has voluntary doomed itself to death. He is buried near his wintering in the valley zhidebai, near the Chingiz mountains, 60 year life.