. • Linkers/Time expressions
Which of the words in bold: join similar ideas? refer to time? join
contrasting ideas? show consequence? Use them to make sentences.
9.6.17.1 Write what th​

1. This dress looks so old and worn out. It seems ages ago.
- The correct answer is "c) to have been made".
- This is the correct answer because the sentence suggests that the dress was made a long time ago, implying that the process of making the dress has already been completed in the past.

2. I am glad to stay with them in their country-house.
- The correct answer is "d) to have been invited".
- This is the correct answer because the sentence implies that the speaker is happy to have received an invitation to stay at the country-house, indicating that the invitation has already been extended in the past.

3. Library books mustn't be kept for more than two weeks.
- The correct answer is "b) be kept".
- This is the correct answer because it is a rule and the sentence is stating that the books must be kept for a specific duration, emphasizing the need for action in the present.

4. You have really got to stop leaving the door unlocked or one day someone will just walk in and steal things.
- The correct answer is "e) leaving".
- This is the correct answer because "leaving" is a gerund used as the object of the preposition "stop". It shows the action of leaving the door unlocked.

5. There is no use crying over spilt milk.
- The correct answer is "c) crying".
- This is the correct answer because "crying" is a gerund used as the object of the preposition "use". It shows the action of crying.

6. Florida, known as the Sunshine State, attracts many tourists every year.
- The correct answer is "d) is known as".
- This is the correct answer because "is known as" is the correct phrase to describe how Florida is recognized or identified.

7. On July 20, 1969, Astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped down onto the Moon, the first person to set foot on another celestial body.
- The correct answer is "e) stepped".
- This is the correct answer because "stepped" is the past tense of the verb "step". The sentence is describing a past event.

8. I don't blame you for not wanting to go outside in this awful weather.
- The correct answer is "a) Wanting".
- This is the correct answer because "wanting" is a gerund used as the object of the preposition "for". It shows the action of wanting.

9. We were woken up by a loud noise last night.
- The correct answer is "d) were woken".
- This is the correct answer because "were woken" is the past tense passive form of the verb "wake". It shows that the subject (we) received the action of being woken up.

10. We are playing football now.
- The correct answer is "d) are".
- This is the correct answer because "are" is the present tense of the verb "to be" used to indicate the present continuous tense.

11. There is much salad on the table.
- The correct answer is "b) is".
- This is the correct answer because "is" is the correct form of the verb "to be" used to indicate a singular subject.

12. There are many bananas in the basket.
- The correct answer is "a) are".
- This is the correct answer because "are" is the correct form of the verb "to be" used to indicate a plural subject.

13. Margaret didn't go to the bank yesterday.
- The correct answer is "b) didn't".
- This is the correct answer because "didn't" is the shortened form of "did not", indicating that Margaret did not perform the action of going to the bank.

14. Cars are expressive. They cost a lot of money.
- The correct answer is "b) cost".
- This is the correct answer because "cost" is the correct form of the verb used to indicate the price or value of cars.

15. I drink black coffee, but I don't drink white coffee.
- The correct answer is "c) don't".
- This is the correct answer because "don't" is the shortened form of "do not", indicating the negation of the verb "drink".

16. Today it is warm, but yesterday the weather was cold.
- The correct answer is "b) was".
- This is the correct answer because "was" is the past tense of the verb "be" indicating the state of the weather.

17. He had cleaned the room when his mother came home.
- The correct answer is "a) has".
- This is the correct answer because "has" is the auxiliary verb used in the present perfect tense to show that the action of cleaning the room was completed before his mother came home.

18. He was driving very fast when the police stopped him.
- The correct answer is "c) was".
- This is the correct answer because "was" is the past tense of the verb "be" indicating the action of driving.

19. He was cleaning the room when his friend came to him.
- The correct answer is "b) was".
- This is the correct answer because "was" is the past tense of the verb "be" indicating the action of cleaning.

20. If you are not well, go to bed early, and you will feel better tomorrow.
- The correct answer is "b) will".
- This is the correct answer because "will" is the auxiliary verb used to indicate future action or outcome.

21. This work is easy; it may be done by a child, if you ask me.
- The correct answer is "d) have been done".
- This is the correct answer because "have been done" is the present perfect passive form of the verb "do". It indicates that the work can be completed in the past and is still relevant in the present.

22. This dress looks so old and worn out. It seems ages ago.
- The correct answer is "c) to have been made".
- This is the same as question 1.

23. I am glad to stay with them in their country-house.
- The correct answer is "b) to be invited".
- This is the same as question 2.

24. Library books mustn't be kept for more than two weeks.
- The correct answer is "b) be kept".
- This is the same as question 3.

25. It was nice of you to lend me your Grammar book. Without it, I would have been lost.
- The correct answer is "c) to have lent".
- This is the correct answer because it implies that the lending of the Grammar book happened in the past and is completed.

26. It's better to have loved and lost than never to have loved at all.
- The correct answer is "b) to have loved".
- This is the correct answer because it follows the pattern "to have [verb]" which indicates the action of loving in the past.

27. There was nothing to do but to wait for the next train which was due at six.
- The correct answer is "a) to do".
- This is the correct answer because "to do" is the appropriate phrase to indicate the action of waiting.

28. That woman is still sitting. She seems to have been waiting for over an hour.
- The correct answer is "d) to have waited".
- This is the correct answer because it implies that the woman has been waiting for over an hour, indicating the completion of the waiting action in the past.

29. Can anybody show me how to use a computer?
- The correct answer is "d) be shown".
- This is the correct answer because the sentence is asking if someone can demonstrate or teach the speaker how to use a computer.

Уважаемый ученик,

Вопрос, который вы задали, касается аморфных сплавов и их применений. В первом предложении говорится, что аморфные сплавы имеют широкий спектр применения, связанный с интересными материалами. Это может означать, что аморфные сплавы захватывают внимание и представляют интерес для исследования.

Во втором предложении говорится о особенностях аморфных сплавов, которые мы только что обсудили. Они включают следующие особенности: образование пластических зон деформации (шероховатых полос), следы истирания, узоры вен и возможность вызывать кристаллизацию.

Теперь, когда мы разобрались с основным содержанием предложений, давайте разберем каждое из них более подробно:

1. "And / for / of interest / related materials / amorphous alloys / applications / a diverse range / are."
Первое предложение содержит список слов, описывающих различные аспекты аморфных сплавов и их применение. Чтобы лучше понять его, давайте разделим его на отдельные части:

- "And" - это союз, который связывает предыдущий контекст с данным утверждением. Он указывает на продолжение и добавление информации.
- "for" - предлог, который указывает на цель или причину чего-либо. В данном случае, он указывает на цель использования аморфных сплавов.
- "of interest" - это выражение означает, что аморфные сплавы представляют интерес.
- "related materials" - относящиеся материалы, которые связаны с аморфными сплавами.
- "amorphous alloys" - аморфные сплавы, которые являются основным объектом обсуждения.
- "applications" - применения, то есть области, где аморфные сплавы могут быть использованы.
- "a diverse range" - разнообразный спектр, означающий, что аморфные сплавы имеют много различных применений.

Таким образом, первое предложение говорит о том, что аморфные сплавы представляют интерес и могут быть использованы в широком спектре областей.

2. "Among the features of / these are just discussed / there are / some particular to / shear bands / wear scars / the vein pattern and / amorphous alloys / the inducing of crystallization."
Второе предложение говорит о некоторых особенностях аморфных сплавов, которые были обсуждены ранее. Разберем его на отдельные части:

- "Among the features of" - среди особенностей, то есть в список особенностей, которые мы обсудили.
- "these are just discussed" - это значит, что эти особенности только что были обсуждены.
- "there are" - имеются, то есть есть дополнительные особенности, о которых будет сказано далее.
- "some particular to" - некоторые особенности, свойственные чему-либо.
- "shear bands" - пластические зоны деформации, которые возникают при деформации материала.
- "wear scars" - следы истирания на поверхности материала, образующиеся при трении.
- "the vein pattern" - узоры вен, то есть особенный узор, который может быть виден на поверхности аморфных сплавов.
- "the inducing of crystallization" - способность вызывать кристаллизацию, то есть процесс превращения аморфного сплава в кристаллический материал.

Таким образом, второе предложение указывает на то, что аморфные сплавы обладают некоторыми особенностями, такими как пластические зоны деформации, следы истирания, узоры вен и способность вызывать кристаллизацию.

Надеюсь, что данное разъяснение поможет вам лучше понять эти предложения и основы аморфных сплавов. Если у вас возникнут еще вопросы, не стесняйтесь задавать их.