Rewrite the sentences as conditionals. 1 i am not ill now because i saw a doctor immediately. if i 2 i saw a homeopath because i took your advice. i wouldn’t 3 i’m not a doctor, so i don’t know what’s wrong with shirley. were i 4 she doesn’t like seafood so she didn’t eat it. if she 5 he didn’t hear you because he’s deaf. if he 6 the pharmacy is closed. we can’t get any medicine. if the 7 i didn’t fall ill on holiday because i took a course of pills before i went. i might 8 he failed the exam because of a headache. had he 9 my mum only gave me a honey and lemon drink because i had a cold. my mum 10 the dog bit me and now i am in a lot of pain. if the

task  1. 

1) many accidents are caused by dangerous driving.

2) cheese is made from milk.

3) the roof of the building is always damaged in a storm.

4) there's no need to leave a tip. service is included in the bill.

5) you were invited to the wedding. will you go?

6) a cinema is a place where films are shown.

7) in the united states, elections for president every four years.

8) originally the book is written in spanish.

9) we are always held by other cars because we drive slowly.

task 2. 

write questions using the present simple passive.

1) ask about glass. (how/make? ) - how glasses are made?

2) ask about silver. (what/use for? ) – what is silver used for?

3) ask about the pronunciation of the word. (how/pronounce? ) – how is this word pronounce?

  task 3. 

give your own examples of sentences written in the present simple passive.

1) the big  cake was baked  by mum.

2) my phone  has been stolen.

3) the fish  was caught by  dad.

4) paper is made from wood.

She said to us " Do it as soon as you can". She told us a) to do it as soon as we could.

Direct-indirect conversion

При переводе прямой речи в косвенную, временная форма сдвигается на шаг в кроме следующих случаев:

1. Если слова автора в настоящем или будущем времени. He will say that he has been there before. Он скажет, что уже был здесь.

2. Действие в  Past Perfect (Continuous) или в Future-in-the-Past.

3. Обстоятельства времени не изменились. He said that he bought it yesterday. Он сказал, что купил это вчера.

4. Утверждение всегда верно. The teacher said that water boils at 100 C. Учитель сказал, что вода кипит при ста градусах.

5. Утверждение верно длительный период времени или в текущем отрезке времени. She said that she loves you. Она сказала, что любит тебя.

6. Сообщение повторяется сразу же. He said that the food is delicious. Он сказал, что еда изыскана.

7. В условных предложениях 2 типа. He said that if he were you, he wouldn’t do that. Он сказал, что на твоём месте он не стал бы этого делать.

8. Желаемые события. She said she wished she were younger. Она о том, что она не моложе.

9. Глагол ought to. He said they ought to be careful. Он сказал, что им следует быть осторожней.

10. Глагол must в значении «должно быть». He said that they must be at home. Он сказал, что они должно быть дома.

Для передачи общих вопросов используется if или whether. Вопросительные предложения передаются с прямым порядком слов: He asked me if/whether they were at home. С глаголом-связкой порядок может быть обратным: He asked me what was the price.

При сдвиге временной формы глагола в в косвенной речи, по ситуации, изменяются обстоятельства места и времени, местоимения, а также, происходит отстранение от эмоций:

this – that, these – those, here – there, now  - then (at that moment, at once, immediately), come – go, today – (on) that day, yesterday – the day before(earlier), tomorrow  - (on) the next (following) day, last week – the week before, ago - before(earlier), next week – the next (following) week, now that – since, so – very, yes/no – answered in the positive/negative, he  - that man, we - they, come - go.

Если из прямой речи лицо не известно, используется местоимение they, а в словах автора wanted to know, wondered:

He said: “Come here”. – He told them to come up to him.

He said: “Where are you going?” – He wanted to know/wondered where they were going.