1)+Met
Cu + 4HNO3(conc) = Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO2 + 2H2O
2)+basic oxide
MgO + 2HNO3(conc) = MgNO3 + H2O
3)+non-metall
P + HNO3(conc) = H3PO4 + NO2 + H2O (I dont want to write coefficients^)
4)+acidic oxide(Reductant)
P2O3 + HNO3(conc) = H3PO4 + NO2 + H2O (again, not write coefficients)
5)+Basic, alkali for example
NaOH + HNO3 = NaNO3 + H2O
6)+Acid (Reductant)
H2S + HNO3 = H2SO4 + NO2 + H2O ( again, not write coefficients)
7)+Salt(reductant, cause all nitrates are soluble in water)
K2S + HNO3 = K2SO4 + H2O + NO2 ( again, not write coefficients)
For 5-9 class it's quite^)
Kb (NH3) = 2*10^-5
==> NH3 + H(+) = NH4(+)
[ ]-square brackets = molar concentration mol/l
[NH4(+)] = 2*10^-5 * [NH3]
==> [NH3] >>> [NH4(+)]
Ka Cl-CH2-COOH ~ 1*10^-2
Cl-CH2-COOH <==> Cl-CH2-COO(-) + H(+)
[Cl-CH2-COO(-)]<<[Cl-CH2-COOH]
Cl-CH2-COO(-) + NH4(+) <==> Cl-CH2-COONH4 (Salt)
speed of this reaction = k1[RCOO(-)][NH4(+)]
Cl-CH2-COOH + NH3 = NH2-CH2-COOH + HCl <==>(NH3(+)-CH2-COOH)Cl(-)
Sn2 reaction==> speed = k2[Cl-CH2-COOH][NH3]
If k1 > 10^7 k2 ==>both reactions goes with some speed
but more realistic version that speed of reaction2 >> speed of reaction1
==> NH2-CH2-COOH will be formed faster
==>NH2-CH2-COOH
Experimentally "...прилейте раствор HCl, затем обработайте щелочью, если образовывалась соль аммония, то выделится аммиак..."
Cl-CH2-COONH4 + HCl = Cl-CH2-COOH + NH4Cl
NH4Cl + OH(-) = NH3 + H2O + Cl(-)
NH2-CH2-COOH + HCl = (NH3(+)-CH2-COOH)Cl(-)
(NH3(+)-CH2-COOH)Cl(-) + OH(-) = NH2-CH2-COOH + H2O + Cl(-)
